Based on the estimated daily intakes and contribution, the relative high contribution of Cu to the benchmark dose in both phases, Cu metabolism by human gut microbiota should be considered in human health risk assessment regarding wheat consumption.We used five types of surfactants assisted with sodium salts, including sodium tartrate (ST), sodium chloride (SC), and humic acid sodium (HAS) as auxiliary agents for soil washing to remove diesel from contaminated soil. Decontamination enhancement of diesel polluted soil washing with biosurfactant and H2O2 was examined, which showed higher effectiveness for newly contaminated soil. An increase in temperature and sodium salt addition exhibited a profound enhancement in diesel removal from aged contaminated soils. Compared to ST and SC, HAS exhibited a higher removal efficiency with saponin washing for aged diesel contaminated soil by lowering surface tension, shifting zeta potential, and increasing the number of micelles. Phytotoxicity experiments showed no significant inhibition of germination of lettuce, arugula, and cucumber with 0.2 g L-1 saponin incubation. Conversely, there was a promotion on the root extension of lettuce and cucumber except for arugula. Similarly, the addition of 2% HAS (wight of saponin) improved on root growth of lettuce, arugula, and cucumber, increasing by 25%, 5%, and 22% at the period of 14 d, respectively. Because of excellent removal efficiency and non-toxicity, enhanced wash with saponin and HAS might be considered in the future design of full-scale remediation processes of diesel contaminated soil.Four upflow 0.018 m3 biofilters (3 beds), B-ME, B-200, B-500 and B-700, all packed with inorganic materials, were operated at a constant air flow rate of 0.18 m3 h-1 to eliminate methane (CH4), a harmful greenhouse gas (GHG), and styrene (C8H8), a carcinogenic volatile organic compound (VOC). The biofilters were irrigated with 0.001 m3 of recycled nutrient solution (NS) every day (flow rate of 60 × 10-3 m3 h-1). Styrene inlet load (IL) was kept constant in each biofilter. Different CH4-ILs varying in the range of 7-60 gCH4 m-3 h-1 were examined in B-ME (IL of 0 gC8H8 m-3 h-1), B-200 (IL of 9 gC8H8 m-3 h-1), B-500 (IL of 22 gC8H8 m-3 h-1) and B-700 (IL of 32 gC8H8 m-3 h-1). Finally, the effect of C8H8 on the macrokinetic parameters of CH4 biofiltration was studied based on the Michaelis-Menten model. Average C8H8 removal efficiencies (RE) varying between 64 and 100% were obtained at CH4-ILs increasing from 7 to 60 gCH4 m-3 h-1 and for C8H8-ILs range of 0-32 gC8H8 m-3 h-1. More than 90% of C8H8 was removed in the bottom and middle beds of the biofilters. By increasing C8H8-IL from 0 to 32 gC8H8 m-3 h-1, maximal EC in Michaelis-Menten model and macrokinetic saturation constant declined from 311 to 39 g m-3 h-1 and from 19 to 2.3 g m-3, respectively, which confirmed that an uncompetitive inhibition occurred during CH4 biofiltration in the presence of C8H8.Air pollution are known to have negative impacts on human health and the ecosystem, and it also contributes to climate change. Hence, prevention and control of air pollution is an urgent need in China, and air pollution prediction can provide reliable information for this process. Therefore, it is essential to establish effective air pollution prediction with an early warning model. Currently, one widely used air pollution prediction technology is the error correction model. However, this traditional method does not use data preprocessing technology. Therefoere, this paper presents an improved hybrid model named CEEMD-SLM-ECM (Complementary Set Empirical Mode Decomposition-Statistical Learning Model-Error Correction Model), which used the CEEMD data preprocessing technology together with statistical learning models. Furthermore, selected AQI (air quality index) data of 17 port cities in the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Economic Belt were selected to test the forecasting ability of the proposed model. Data analysis shows that the CEEMD-SLM-ECM model has much higher accuracy compared with the traditional error correction model. So, the CEEMD-SLM-ECM is a very effective predictive model that can provide accurate prediction for air quality early warning.Concerns have been raised over the neurotoxicity of triphenyl phosphate (TPP), but there have been few studies of the neurotoxic effects of TPP on mammals and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, weaned male mice (C57/BL6) were used and exposed to 0, 50, or 150 mg/kg TPP daily by oral gavage for 30 days. The blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability of TPP and its metabolite diphenyl phosphate (DPP) in the brain, and TPP induced metabolomic and transcriptomic changes of the brain were investigated. The results showed that TPP and DPP can cross the BBB of mice. Histopathological examination of the brain revealed abnormalities in the hippocampus, cortex and thalamus, and mice treated with high doses showed a potential inflammation in the thalamus and hippocampus. Untargeted metabolomic results revealed that the changed level of glutamic acid, N-acetyl CoA metabolites, and organic acid in the brain of treated mice, suggest that amino acid and lipid metabolism was interfered. RNA-seq data indicated that neuronal transcription processes and cell apoptosis pathway (forkhead box (FOXO), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways) were significantly affected by TPP exposure. RT-PCR showed proinflammation cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) levels were increased, while antioxidant genes including nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD1) decreased. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ex229-compound-991.html These results suggest that TPP could cause a degree of neurotoxicity by inducing neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis, which are related to oxidative stress. The potential implications for neurophysiology and behavioral regulation cannot be ignored.Biosurfactants have potential applications in the remediation of petroleum-contaminated sites. Several strategies can be used to reduce the production costs of these surfactants and make the process more environmentally friendly. In this study, we combined some of these strategies to produce the rhamnolipid-type biosurfactant, including the use of the genetically modified strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa-estA, an industrial coproduct as a carbon source, a simple and low-cost medium, and a simple downstream process. The process resulted in a high yield (17.6 g L-1), even using crude glycerin as the carbon source, with substrate in product conversion factor (YRML/s) of 0.444. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) was not toxic to Artemia salina and selected mammalian cell lineages, suggesting that it can be used directly in the environment without further purification steps. Qualitative analysis showed that CFS has excellent dispersion in the oil-displacement test, emulsifying (IE24 = 65.5%), and tensoactive properties.